Sūrya Upanishad

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Sūrya Upanishad

॥ सूर्योपनिषत् ॥
|| sūryopaniṣat ||

अथर्ववेदीय सामान्योपनिषत् ।
Atharva vedīya sāmānyopaniṣat |

ॐ भद्रं कर्णेभिः श्रुणुयाम देवाः । भद्रं
पश्येमाक्षभिर्यजत्राः ।
स्थिरैरङ्गैस्तुष्टुवांसस्तनूभिर्व्यशेम देवहितं यदायुः ।

auṁ bhadraṁ karṇebhiḥ śruṇuyāma devāḥ | bhadraṁ
paśyemākṣabhiryajatrāḥ |
sthirairaṅgaistuṣṭuvāṁsastanūbhirvyaśema devahitaṁ yadāyuḥ |

O Gods! May we listen with our ears, to what is meaningful.
May we see with our eyes, things that are blemish-free.
May we enjoy our complete lives,
glorifying You with the Vedic mantras, with strong limbs.

स्वस्ति न इन्द्रो वृद्धश्रवाः ।  स्वस्ति नः पूषा विश्ववेदाः ।
स्वस्ति नस्तार्क्ष्यो अरिष्टनेमिः । स्वस्ति नो बृहस्पतिर्दधातु ॥
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥

svasti na indro vṛddhaśravāḥ | svasti naḥ pūṣā viśvavedāḥ |
svasti nastārkṣyo ariṣṭanemiḥ | svasti no bṛhaspatirdadhātu ||
auṁ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ ||

May Lord Indra of Great Fame increase our Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Pusha, who is All-Knowing, bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Tāksarya (Garuda), who is the Protector, bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Brihaspati also Bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
Om Peace, Peace, Peace!

हरिः ॐ अथ सूर्याथर्वाङ्गिरसं व्याख्यास्यामः ।
ब्रह्मा ऋषिः । गायत्री छन्दः । आदित्यो देवता ।
हंसः सोऽहमग्निनारायणयुक्तं बीजम् । हृल्लेखा शक्तिः ।
वियदादिसर्गसंयुक्तं कीलकम् ।
चतुर्विधपुरुषार्थसिद्ध्यर्थे विनियोगः ।

hariḥ auṁ atha sūryātharvāṅgirasaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ |
brahmā ṛṣiḥ | gāyatrī chandaḥ | ādityo devatā |
haṁsaḥ so'ham agṇi nārāyaṇa yuktaṁ bījam | hṛllekhā śaktiḥ |
viyadādi sarga saṁyuktaṁ kīlakam |
catur-vidha puruṣārtha siddhyarthe jape viniyogaḥ |

Now we shall expound mantras of Atharva Veda in relation to the Sun:
The seer of this Atharva Angirasa mantra is Brahma, metre Gāyatrī, Āditya the deity, 'Hamsas so'ham with Agni and Nārāyaṇa is the seed, the power is Hrillekhā or Hrīm,
the pin is the power in the process of unfolding the sky etc.,
the application is its use in repetition for winning the four human goals
(i.e. Dharma, Artha, Kāma and Mokṣa).

षट्स्वरारूढेन बीजेन षडङ्गं रक्ताम्बुजसंस्थितम् ।
सप्ताश्वरथिनं हिरण्यवर्णं चतुर्भुजं
पद्मद्वयाभयवरदहस्तं कालचक्रप्रणेतारं
श्रीसूर्यनारायणं य एवं वेद स वै ब्राह्मणः ।

ṣaṭsvarārūḍhena bījena ṣaḍaṅgaṁ raktāmbujasaṁsthitam |
saptāśvarathinaṁ hiraṇyavarṇaṁ caturbhujaṁ
padmadvayābhayavaradahastaṁ kālacakrapraṇetāraṁ
śrīsūryanārāyaṇaṁ ya evaṁ veda sa vai brāhmaṇaḥ |

He indeed is a Brāhmaṇa who thus knows the golden Nārāyaṇa
with the blessed sun, impeller of the time-wheel,
having four arms and two lotuses, showing promise of refuge and boon,
mounted on the sun chariot, set in the red lotus.

ॐ भूर्भुवःसुवः । तत्सवितुर्वरेण्यं भर्गो देवस्य
धीमहि । धियो यो नः प्रचोदयात् ।

oṁ bhūr-bhuvaḥ-suvaḥ |
tat savitur vareṇyaṁ
bhargo devasya dhīmahi |
dhiyo yo naḥ pracodayāt |

Om, Earth, middle region and sky;
we meditate on the adorable splendour of Savitri (Sun)
who may inspire our thoughts.

सूर्य आत्मा जगतस्तस्थुषश्च । सूर्याद्वै खल्विमानि
भूतानि जायन्ते ।
सूर्याद्यज्ञः पर्जन्योऽन्नमात्मा |

sūrya ātmā jagatastas-thuṣaśca |
sūryād vai khalvimāni bhūtāni jāyante |
sūryād yajñaḥ parjanyo 'nnam ātmā

The Sun is the Self of the world, moving as well as un-moving. From Surya indeed are these creatures born, so also the Yajna (Sacrifice), Parjanya (Rains), food and spirit.    

नमस्त आदित्य । त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं कर्मकर्तासि ।
त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं ब्रह्मासि ।
त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं विष्णुरसि ।
त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं रुद्रोऽसि । त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षमृगसि ।
त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं यजुरसि ।
त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षं सामासि । त्वमेव प्रत्यक्षमथर्वासि ।
त्वमेव सर्वं छन्दोऽसि ।

namasta āditya |tvam eva pratyakṣaṁ karmakartāsi |
tvameva pratyakṣaṁ brahmāsi |tvameva pratyakṣaṁ viṣṇurasi |
tvameva pratyakṣaṁ rudro'si | tvameva pratyakṣamṛgasi |
tvameva pratyakṣaṁ yajurasi |
tvameva pratyakṣaṁ sāmāsi | tvameva pratyakṣamatharvāsi |
tvameva sarvaṁ chando'si |

I bow to you Āditya; you are the agent himself of work, the manifest Brahma, Vishnu, Rudra, Rig, Yajur, Sama, Atharva Vedas, as well as all the chandas (Metres).

आदित्याद्वायुर्जायते । आदित्याद्भूमिर्जायते । आदित्यादापो
जायन्ते । आदित्याज्ज्योतिर्जायते ।
आदित्याद्व्योम दिशो जायन्ते । आदित्याद्देवा जायन्ते ।
आदित्याद्वेदा जायन्ते ।
आदित्यो वा एष एतन्मण्डलं तपति । असावादित्यो ब्रह्म ।

ādityād vāyur jāyate | ādityād bhūmir jāyate |
ādityād āpo-jāyante | ādityāj jyotir jāyate |
ādityād vyoma diśo jāyante | ādityād devā jāyante | ādityād vedā jāyante |
ādityo vā eṣa etan maṇḍalaṁ tapati | asāvādityo brahma |

From Āditya are born air, earth, water, fire, sky, directions, Devas, Vedas; indeed the Sun gives warmth to this sphere (Planet); that Sun God is Brahman.

आदित्योऽन्तःकरणमनोबुद्धिचित्ताहङ्काराः ।
आदित्यो वै व्यानः समानोदानोऽपानः प्राणः ।
आदित्यो वै श्रोत्रत्वक्चक्षूरसनघ्राणाः ।
आदित्यो वै वाक्पाणिपादपायूपस्थाः ।
आदित्यो वै शब्दस्पर्शरूपरसगन्धाः ।
आदित्यो वै वचनादानागमनविसर्गानन्दाः ।

ādityo'ntaḥ-karaṇa mano buddhi cittāhaṅkārāḥ |
ādityo vai vyānaḥ samānodāno'pānaḥ prāṇaḥ |
ādityo vai śrotra tvak cakṣū rasana ghrāṇāḥ |
ādityo vai vāk pāṇi pāda pāyūpasthāḥ |
ādityo vai śabda sparśa rūpa rasa gandhāḥ |
ādityo vai vacanād ānāgamana visargānandāḥ |

I bow to Āditya who is the form of Antahkaraṇa or inner organs of mind, intellect, mind-stuff and Ego.
He is prāṇa, apāna, samāna, vyāna and udāna, (all the five airs circulating in the physical body).
He is the five sense organs i.e. ears, skin, eyes, tongue and nose whose modifications are sound, touch, form, taste and smell.
He is the five motor organs of mouth, hands, legs, anus and generative organ whose modifications are speech, movement of things through hands, movement of the body from place to place through legs, evacuation and procreation.

आनन्दमयो ज्ञानमयो विज्ञानानमय आदित्यः ।
नमो मित्राय भानवे मृत्योर्मा पाहि ।
भ्राजिष्णवे विश्वहेतवे नमः ।
सूर्याद्भवन्ति भूतानि सूर्येण पालितानि तु ।
सूर्ये लयं प्राप्नुवन्ति यः सूर्यः सोऽहमेव च ।
चक्षुर्नो देवः सविता चक्षुर्न उत पर्वतः ।
चक्षुर्धाता दधातु नः ।

आदित्याय विद्महे
सहस्रकिरणाय धीमहि ।
तन्नः सूर्यः प्रचोदयात् ।

ānandamayo jñānamayo vijñānānamaya ādityaḥ |
namo mitrāya bhānave mṛtyormā pāhi |
bhrājiṣṇave viśva hetave namaḥ |
sūryād bhavanti bhūtāni sūryeṇa pālitāni tu |
sūrye layaṁ prāpnuvanti yaḥ sūryaḥ so'ham eva ca |
cakṣurno devaḥ savitā cakṣur-na uta parvataḥ |
cakṣur-dhātā dadhātu naḥ |

ādityāya vidmahe
sahasra-kiraṇāya dhīmahi |
tannaḥ sūryaḥ pracodayāt |

Bliss, knowledge and wisdom are Sun himself.
I bow to Mitra, Bhānu, to the shining one, the cause of the universe
and let Him protect me from death.

All creatures are born of Surya and are protected by him,
dissolve in him - I am Surya himself. The divine

Savitur is our eye and He is called the Parvata because He indicates Sacred timings through His Time- periods and let Him protect our eyes.

We know the Sun.
We meditate on the thousand-rayed Sun.
May the Sun inspire us!

(This is called Surya Gayatri Mantra).

सविता पश्चात्तात्सविता
पुरस्तात्सवितोत्तरात्तात्सविताधरात्तात् ।
सविता नः सुवतु सर्वतातिं सविता नो रासतां दीर्घमायुः ।

savitā parastāt savitā paścāttāt savitottarāttāt savitā-dharāttāt |
savitā naḥ suvatu sarvatātiguṁ savitā no rāsatāṁ dīrgham āyuḥ |

Savitur (Sun) is before us as well as behind us, above us and below us.
May He grant us omnipresence and long life!

ॐइत्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म । घृणिरिति द्वे अक्षरे ।
सूर्य इत्यक्षरद्वयम् । आदित्य इति त्रीण्यक्षराणि ।
एतस्यैव सूर्यस्याष्टाक्षरो मनुः । यः सदाहरहर्जपति
स वै ब्राह्मणो भवति स वै ब्राह्मणो भवति ।

oṁ ityekākṣaraṁ brahma | ghṛṇiriti dve akṣare |
sūrya ityakṣaradvayam | āditya iti trīṇyakṣarāṇi |
etasyaiva sūryasyāṣṭākṣaro manuḥ | yaḥ sadā hara-har japati
sa vai brāhmaṇo bhavati sa vai brāhmaṇo bhavati |

Brahman is the single syllable Om, "Ghrini' has two syllables,
'Surya' also has two syllables. 'Āditya' has three.

This is the mantra of eight syllables.

All together the mantra will be "Om Ghrinih Surya Āditya".

This is Atharvāṅgirasa Surya mantra.
He who recites this daily is said to be a Brāhmaṇa,

सूर्याभिमुखो जप्त्वा महाव्याधिभयात्प्रमुच्यते ।
अलक्ष्मीर्नश्यति । अभक्ष्यभक्षणात्पूतो भवति ।
अगम्यागमनात्पूतो भवति । पतितसम्भाषणात्पूतो भवति ।
असत्सम्भाषणात्पूतो भवति ।
मध्याह्ने सूराभिमुखः पठेत् ।
सद्योत्पन्नपञ्चमहापातकात्प्रमुच्यते ।
सैषां सावित्रीं विद्यां न किञ्चिदपि न
कस्मैचित्प्रशंसयेत् ।

sūryābhimukho japtvā mahā-vyādhi bhayāt pramucyate |
alakṣmīr naśyati | abhakṣya bhakṣaṇāt pūto bhavati |
agamyā gamanāt pūto bhavati | patita sambhāṣaṇāt pūto bhavati |
asat sambhāṣaṇātpūto bhavati |
madhyāhne sūrābhi-mukhaḥ paṭhet |
sadyotpanna pañca mahā pātakāt pramucyate |
saiṣāṁ sāvitrīṁ vidyāṁ na kiñcidapi na
kasmai-cit praśaṁsayet |

If this mantra is recited facing the Sun one is released from the fear of great diseases; his poverty perishes.

He becomes free from various sins like eating forbidden food, having forbidden sexual relations, indulging in conversation with people having no character.

At midday if one recites this facing the Sun he is released from the five great sins. He should be careful not to impart this Savitri Vidyā to undeserving people. !

य एतां महाभागः प्रातः पठति स भाग्यवाञ्जायते ।
पशून्विन्दति । वेदार्थं लभते ।
त्रिकालमेतज्जप्त्वा क्रतुशतफलमवाप्नोति । यो हस्तादित्ये
जपति स महामृत्युं तरति य एवं वेद ॥
इत्युपनिषत् ॥

ya etāṁ mahā-bhāgaḥ prātaḥ paṭhati sa bhāgyavāñ jāyate |
paśūnvindati | vedārthaṁ labhate |
tri-kālam etaj-japtvā Kratu-śata phalam avāpnoti |
yo hastāditye japati sa mahā mṛtyuṁ tarati ya evaṁ veda ||
ityupaniṣat ||

He who recites at dawn becomes fortunate, gets live-stock, masters Vedas; reciting during the three periods (dawn, mid-day and dusk) he gets the fruit of performing hundred Yagnas; reciting when the Sun is in Hasta Nakṣatra he conquers death.

ॐ भद्रं कर्णेभिः श्रुणुयाम देवाः । भद्रं
पश्येमाक्षभिर्यजत्राः ।
स्थिरैरङ्गैस्तुष्टुवांसस्तनूभिर्व्यशेम देवहितं यदायुः ।

auṁ bhadraṁ karṇebhiḥ śruṇuyāma devāḥ | bhadraṁ
paśyemākṣabhiryajatrāḥ |
sthirairaṅgaistuṣṭuvāṁsastanūbhirvyaśema devahitaṁ yadāyuḥ |

O Gods! May we listen with our ears, to what is meaningful.
May we see with our eyes, things that are blemish-free.
May we enjoy our complete lives,
glorifying You with the Vedic mantras, with strong limbs.

स्वस्ति न इन्द्रो वृद्धश्रवाः ।  स्वस्ति नः पूषा विश्ववेदाः ।
स्वस्ति नस्तार्क्ष्यो अरिष्टनेमिः । स्वस्ति नो बृहस्पतिर्दधातु ॥
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥

svasti na indro vṛddhaśravāḥ | svasti naḥ pūṣā viśvavedāḥ |
svasti nastārkṣyo ariṣṭanemiḥ | svasti no bṛhaspatirdadhātu ||
auṁ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ ||

May Lord Indra of Great Fame increase our Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Pusha, who is All-Knowing, bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Tāksarya (Garuda), who is the Protector, bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
May Lord Brihaspati also Bless us with Well-Being and Prosperity,
Om Peace, Peace, Peace!

इति सूर्योपनिषत्समाप्ता ॥

iti sūryopaniṣatsamāptā ||