Jābāla Darśana Upanishad

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Jābāla Darśana Upanishad

Om!
Let my limbs and speech, Prāṇa, eyes, ears, vitality
And all the senses grow in strength.
All existence is the Brahman of the Upanishads.
May I never deny Brahman, nor Brahman deny me.
Let there be no denial at all:
Let there be no denial at least from me.
May the virtues that are proclaimed in the Upanishads be in me,
Who am devoted to the Ātman; may they reside in me.

Om! Let there be Peace in me!
Let there be Peace in my environment!
Let there be Peace in the forces that act on me!

God Dattātreya is the reincarnation of the four armed Vishnu and he is the ruler of the world.

Samkṛiti is a great devotee and a sage and is an expert in yoga and also a disciple of Dattātreya.

He approached his teacher (God Dattātreya) with humility and with folded hands, when his teacher was alone and requested him:

"Oh God, please tell me about the science of yoga which has eight branches and five different sthalas (places) by knowing which I will attain salvation.

Dattātreya told him:

"Hey Samkṛiti, I shall tell you about Yoga which has eight branches.

The eight branches are:

Yama, Niyama, Āsana, Prāṇāyāma, Pratyāhāra, Dhāraṇa, Dhyāna and Samādhi.

Yama which is the first is the practice of non-violence, truth,
non-possession of properties of others,
celibacy, mercy, honesty, patience, stability, food discipline and cleanliness.

Niyama is the ten aspects of penance, joy, orthodoxy, charity, worship of god,
hearing of philosophy, fear for bad actions, clear intellect, chanting and austerities.

The nine important Āsanas (sitting positions) are:
Swastika, Gomukha (cows face), Padma (lotus), Vīra (valorous), Simha (lion),
Badra (safe), Muktha (free), Mayura (peacock) and Sukha (pleasant).

Oh sage, that position, whatever it may be but which makes you comfortable and gives you courage to undertake Yoga is called Sukhasana. People who do not have strength to take up other positions can use that. Victory in the seating position is like victory over the three worlds.

Once the Āsana is fixed, one should practice Prāṇāyāma.

Either in the top of the mountain or by the shore of the river or under a Bilva tree in the forest, after choosing a clean place which is acceptable to the mind and after establishing a place to do tapas (Āśram), sit in the Āsana which is most familiar facing either east or north.

Then sit with the body neck and head in a straight line, cover the face and concentrate the vision with best possible attention on the nectar flowing from the fourth state of the moon like dot at the end of the nose.

Draw the air inside using the lungs, store it in the stomach, meditate on the flame of fire inside the body and then shift meditation to the root of fire with its sound and dot.

Then the intelligent one will exhale and draw the Prāṇa using Pingala (Nādi which is tawny and is on the right side of Sushumna Nādi) and meditate on the Agni Bīja.

Again he has to exhale and inhale again in the middle using the Ida (Nādi which is pleasant and is on the left side of Sushumna).

One should have to live in a secret place practicing this exercise six times for 3-4 days or 3-4 weeks at dawn, noon and dusk. This would help him to clean up the Nāḍis.

Slowly symbols will start showing up. Body will become light, the fire in the stomach will burn well and the voice would become clearer. These are the symbols of Siddhi (getting mastery). Till you see this, you have to practice.

Now I will tell you about Pratyāhāra.

- To use force and divert the sensory organs which normally travel according to their nature is Pratyāhāra.

-Those who know Brahma say that seeing whatever we see as the form of Brahman is Pratyāhāra.

-Pratyāhāra also is doing clean or unclean acts as those belonging to Brāhman.

- Further doing daily religious activities after dedicating them to God and similarly doing the activities which we desire is also Pratyāhāra.

- Apart from this inhaling air (oxygen) and stopping it in different places is also Pratyāhāra.

The wise man would sit in Svastikāsana, draw his breath till it fills up from head to toe and hold it in two feet, Mūlādhāra, stomach, middle of the heart, bottom of the neck, jaw, middle of the eyelids, forehead and at the top of the skull.

Then he should leave out the belief that the body is oneself and make that thought as nirvikalpa and merge it with Paramātma.

The experts in Vedanta say that this is true Pratyāhāra.

There is nothing that cannot be attained by those who practice like this.

Now I will tell you about the five types of Dhāraṇa (holding steady - a stage in meditation - here we try to hold on what we are mediating upon without wavering).

In the sky which is in the middle of the body, Dhāraṇa of the sky outside should be made.

Similarly in the breath, Dhāraṇa of air outside should be made. In the fire in the stomach, Dhāraṇa of the fire outside should be made.

In the fluid aspects of the body, Dhāraṇa of the water outside should be made. In the earthy aspects of the body, Dhāraṇa of the earth outside should be made.

Sage, also it is necessary to chant the pañcha bhūtaḥ mantras i.e., Ham, Yam, Ram, Vam and Lam.

It is said that this very great Dhāraṇa destroys all sins.
In the body up to the knee is the aspect of the earth,
from there till hip it is the aspect of water,
up to the heart is the aspect of fire,
up to middle of eyelids is the aspect of air
and then up to the middle of
the skull is the aspect of the sky.

In the aspect of earth Brahma has to be placed,
in the aspect of water Vishnu should be placed,
in the aspect of fire Rudra should be placed,
in the aspect of air Īśvara should be placed
and in the aspect of sky, the Sadāśiva should be placed.

Hey great sage, I will also tell you another Dhāraṇa:

In the Jīvātmā, that lord Shiva who rules over everything and is the personification of wisdom should be placed.

To get rid of all sins, the wise man should suppress the gods like Brahma in the causative self, and place the Avyakta (that which is not clear) which is formless and which is the root cause inside the entire soul with the chanting of praṇava.

He should control the sensory organs by mind and should merge them with the soul.

I will now tell you about Dhyāna (meditation) which destroys sorrow.

Dhyāna should be done of that Maheśvara, who is the medicine for problems arising out of birth, who is the discipline and fundamental basis of the world who is of the form of Para Brahma, who has the masculine power upwards, who is of the form of the world, who is Virūpākṣa, and who is the head of all yogis as "I am He".

Then continue to do Dhyāna of him who is beyond the reach of meditation, who is the personification of Satchidānanda Brahman and who is soul in person as "I am He" for attaining salvation.

In the mind of that great Purusha who practices like this, the science of Vedanta would automatically appear. There is no doubt about it.

Now I will tell you about Samādhi (deep meditative state) which destroys the ills of birth and death:

Samādhi is that state in which there is knowledge that Jīvātmā and Paramātma are one. Ātma (soul) is filled all over forever and does not have motion or stain.

Though it is one, due to the effects of illusion, it appears as different objects.

Really there is no difference between these so called objects. When one sees all objects within himself and him as a part of all objects, He attains Brahman.

When one drowns himself in Samādhi and does not see different objects as different, then he attains the single aim of salvation. When he sees only the true soul and the entire world appears as an illusion to him and he is cured of all sorrow.

Thus advised by Lord Dattātreya the sage Samkṛiti fully lost all his fear and attained that blissful state, deep in himself.

Om! Let there be Peace in me!
Let there be Peace in my environment!
Let there be Peace in the forces that act on me!

Here ends the Jābāla Darśana Upanishad, included in the Sāma-Veda.

Translated by P. R. Ramachander

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Jābāla Darśana Upanishad

Jābāla Darśana Upanishad